1 查看磁盘列表

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           1        5222    41940992   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2130440 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/vdc: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2130440 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

可以看出有一个系统盘/dev/vda  创建了一个分区/dev/vda1
还有两个磁盘/dev/vdb 和/dev/vdc ,这两个磁盘没有分区

#2 创建分区

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z dev]# fdisk /dev/vdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x66dab213.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
		 switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
		 sectors (command 'u').
### 按提示操作 p打印  n新增 d 删除 w操作生效 q退出 
Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2130440 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x66dab213

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (1-2130440, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2130440, default 2130440): 
Using default value 2130440

Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z dev]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G   38G     0 100% /
tmpfs            16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm

3 格式化分区

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z mnt]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb2

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
67108864 inodes, 268435432 blocks
13421771 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
8192 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
	102400000, 214990848

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 

done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 27 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

4 挂载/dev/vdb2到/mnt

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z mnt]# mount -t ext3 /dev/vdb2 /mnt
[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z mnt]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G   16G   22G  42% /
tmpfs            16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/vdb2      1008G  200M  957G   1% /mnt

5 设置开机挂载

[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z mnt]# echo "/dev/vdb2 /mnt ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab
[root@iZwz9fvttmu9vq3q9suje6Z mnt]# mount

6 将新硬盘临时挂载到home目录下

#cd /
#umount /dev/vdb2
#cd /mnt/
#mkdir home
#mount /dev/vdb2 /mnt/home   #挂载到/mnt/home
#df -h  查看
#cp -a /home/* /mnt/home/    #把home下的东西拷到挂载的目录下，备份
#rm -rf /home/*              #把home下的东西删干净
#umount /dev/vdb2            #卸载硬盘
#df -h                       #查看
#mount /dev/vdb2 /home
#vim /etc/fstab
修改/dev/vdb2  /home  ext3  defaults  1  2
#mount
#reboot

扩展

在挂载超过2T，需要使用gpt分区
sudo parted /dev/sdb
mklabel gpt    # 创建 GPT 分区表
unit TB        # 设置单位为 TB
mkpart primary 0.00TB 8.00TB    # 创建一个从 0TB 到 8TB 的主分区
输入 quit 退出 parted。

对分区进行格式化：sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
再挂载：mount /dev/sdb   /docker